— Chapter 01

Current World Records

Freediving world records represent the extreme edge of human breath-hold capacity. They're useful both as reference for what the sport can achieve, and as context for where recreational training sits relative to those limits.

Static Apnea (STA)

Floating face-down, breath hold for maximum duration.

Record
Athlete
Year
Men
24:37
Budimir Sobat (Croatia)
2021
Women
24:03
Martina Garcia Puerta (Colombia)
2023

These times use regulated pre-dive oxygen breathing — standard for competition records. The records represent extraordinary physiological adaptation: heart rates as low as 10 beats per minute, profound spleen contraction releasing oxygen-rich red blood cells, and extreme CO2 tolerance.

Dynamic Apnea with Fins (DYN)

Horizontal underwater swimming on one breath, with fins. Distance is the metric.

Record
Athlete
Year
Men
300m
Giorgos Panagiotakis (Greece)
2016
Women
257m
Magdalena Solich-Talanda (Poland)
2021
300m
DYN men's record
Approximately 12 pool lengths on a single breath. At competitive underwater swim pace, this represents roughly 4–5 minutes of breath-hold while performing continuous physical work.

Dynamic Apnea Without Fins (DNF)

Same as DYN but using only body undulation.

Record
Athlete
Year
Men
244m
Mateusz Malina (Poland)
2016
Women
191m
Magdalena Solich-Talanda (Poland)
2022

Constant Weight with Fins (CWT)

Vertical depth diving — the most recognized open water discipline.

Record
Athlete
Year
Men
131m
Alexey Molchanov (Russia)
2023
Women
114m
Alessia Zecchini (Italy)
2023

Constant Weight Without Fins (CNF)

Depth diving using only dolphin kick with bare feet and hands.

Record
Athlete
Year
Men
102m
William Trubridge (New Zealand)
2016
Women
73m
Jeanine Solich-Talanda (Poland)
2024

William Trubridge's CNF records are considered among the most remarkable achievements in the sport. Diving past 100m using only bare feet and hands is widely regarded as the pinnacle of freediving technique.

Free Immersion (FIM)

Pulling down and up a line by hand, without fins.

Record
Athlete
Year
Men
122m
Alexey Molchanov (Russia)
2022
Women
98m
Alenka Artnik (Slovenia)
2021

No Limits (NLT) — Historical

Using a weighted sled to descend and an inflatable bag to ascend. No longer in active AIDA competition.

Men's unofficial record
253m — Herbert Nitsch (Austria), 2012. Nitsch suffered a serious decompression accident during this attempt and required extended hyperbaric treatment.
— Chapter 02

Where Recreational Divers Fit

Level
Typical Depth Range
After beginner course
5–15m
6 months training
10–20m
1–2 years training
15–30m
Advanced recreational
25–40m
Competitive club level
40–70m
National / elite
70–100m+
World record
100m+

The world records exist at a different physiological tier from recreational diving. Recreational freediving — exploration, marine life observation, spearfishing — happens at depths that require none of the extreme adaptation that record holders develop.

— Chapter 03

The Progression of Records

In the 1970s, a 50m constant weight dive was considered near the limit of human capacity. Current records have more than doubled that.

The combination of improved technique (particularly Frenzel and mouthfill equalization), training methodology, and physiological research has driven this progression.

Current records are almost certainly not the final answer on human breath-hold capacity.